HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is a virus that attacks the immune system, the body’s defense against infections.
AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) can happen after someone has had HIV for many years and isn’t treated. If HIV becomes AIDS, the immune system can’t fight germs well. So people with AIDS often get serious infections and health problems. But not all people with HIV will develop AIDS.
HIV spreads when blood, semen ("cum"), or vaginal fluids that have HIV enter the body. Because symptoms can be mild at first, people with HIV might not know they have it and could possibly spread it to other people.
Someone could get HIV:
HIV also can pass from mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding.
HIV does not spread through:
The best way to protect yourself from HIV is to not share needles and not have sex. This includes vaginal, anal, or oral sex; sex using fingers; or other sexual contact.
If you decide to have sex, you can reduce your risk of getting HIV by:
Medicines can help people with HIV stay healthy. They can also prevent HIV from becoming AIDS.
Knowing about AIDS and how HIV spreads can help you make safer choices about sex. Talk with your doctor if you have any questions about AIDS and HIV, or want to get tested.
Note: All information is for educational purposes only. For specific medical advice, diagnoses, and treatment, consult your doctor.
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