Far fewer cases of coronavirus
(COVID-19) have been reported in children than in adults. Usually, the virus causes
a milder illness in kids, though some children have become pretty sick.
Many parents wonder what to do if their child gets sick. Here's what you need to
know.
What Are the Signs & Symptoms of Coronavirus (COVID-19)?
The most common signs of COVID-19 are a fever,
cough, and trouble breathing. Some people might have:
- symptoms of a cold such as a sore
throat, congestion, or a runny nose
- chills
- muscle pain
- headache
- a loss of taste or smell
- nausea or vomiting
- diarrhea
- tiredness
Some kids are having symptoms caused by inflammation
throughout the body, sometimes several weeks after they were infected with the virus.
This is called multisystem inflammatory
syndrome in children (MIS-C). Doctors are trying to find out how these symptoms
are related to coronavirus infection.
Symptoms of MIS-C can include:
- fever
- belly pain
- vomiting or diarrhea
- neck pain
- a rash
- red eyes
- feeling very tired
- red, cracked lips
- swollen hands or feet
- swollen lymph nodes
Most kids with MIS-C get better after they get special care in the hospital, sometimes
in the ICU (intensive care unit).
What Should I Do if My Child Has Symptoms?
Call your doctor if your child has a fever, cough, trouble breathing, sore throat,
belly pain, vomiting, diarrhea, rash, dizziness, or just doesn't feel well. If your
child has been near someone with coronavirus or been in an area where lots of people
have coronavirus, tell the doctor. Talk about whether your child needs a test for
coronavirus. The doctor can decide whether your child:
- can be treated at home
- should come in for a visit
- can have a video or telehealth
visit
In a telehealth visit, a health care provider can see your child on video while
you stay at home. If you can, choose a telehealth provider who specializes in caring
for kids. If the doctor thinks your child needs care right away, they will guide you
on where to go. When possible, check for telehealth in your area before anyone in
your family is sick.
Watch for signs that your child might need more medical help. Go
to the ER if your child:
- looks very sick to you
- has breathing problems. Look for muscles pulling in between the ribs or the nostrils
puffing out with each breath.
- is confused or very sleepy
- has chest pain
- has cold, sweaty, pale or blotchy skin
- is dizzy
- has very bad belly pain
Call 911 if your child is struggling to breathe, is too out of breath to
talk or walk, or turns blue or has fainted.
How Can I Keep My Family Safe if My Child Has Symptoms?
- Keep your family home until you talk to your doctor. If the doctor thinks your
child's symptoms could be COVID-19, everyone in the household should stay home until
testing is done or symptoms are gone. Check the CDC's
website for details.
- Keep other people and pets in the house away from your child as much as possible.
- Try to have one person only care for the sick child so others
are not exposed.
- If your child is over 2 years old and can wear a face
mask or cloth face covering without finding it hard to breathe, have them wear
one when the caregiver is in the room. Don't leave your child alone while they're
wearing a mask or cloth face covering. The caregiver also should wear one when in
the same room. To see how to put on and remove face masks and coverings, clean them,
or make your own cloth face covering, check the CDC's
guide.
- If possible, have your sick child use a different bathroom from others. If that
isn't possible, wipe down the bathroom often.
- Everyone in your family should wash
their hands well and often. Wash with soap and water for at least 20 seconds,
or use alcohol-based hand sanitizer.
- Use regular household cleaners or wipes to clean things that get touched a lot
(doorknobs, light switches, toys, remote controls, phones, etc.). Do this every day.
How Do Doctors Test People for Coronavirus (COVID-19)?
Doctors, hospitals, commercial labs, local health departments, and the U.S. Public
Health Service are working together to help get tests to the people who need them.
To test someone for coronavirus, doctors put a long Q-tip (a swab) into the nose
or mouth, then send it to a lab. If the person coughs up mucus, doctors might
send that for testing too. Some areas offer drive-thru
testing, which lets people stay in their car during the test.
If you think your child has symptoms of COVID-19, call your doctor or local health
department. They will give you the most up-to-date information on testing.
How Is Coronavirus (COVID-19) Treated?
There is no specific medicine for COVID-19. Most people who have it get
better at home with plenty of liquids, rest, and comfort. Some people get very
ill and need treatment in the hospital.
What Else Should I Know?
COVID-19 vaccines are now available for people 16 and older. Health care workers
and people at high risk for getting very sick if they're infected have been first
in line to get vaccinated. Other adults and teens 16 and older can get a vaccine in
the spring and summer of 2021. Studies are underway to see if the vaccines are safe
and effective in children younger than 16.
During the pandemic, keep doing these things to keep your family healthy:
- Wash hands well and often.
- Cover coughs and sneezes.
- Avoid contact with other people, especially those who are sick.
- Make sure kids get all recommended vaccinations
for other infections, like the flu
and measles.
Date reviewed: February 2021