The hepatitis A virus (HAV) causes fever, nausea, vomiting, and jaundice, and can lead to community-wide epidemics. Childcare centers are a common site of outbreaks.

Immunization Schedule

The vaccine is recommended for children 12-23 months old, followed by a second dose 6-18 months later.

In the past, the vaccine was recommended for older kids and adults who were at high risk for the disease (such as those who lived in or traveled to locations with high rates of HAV). But now it's also recommended for anyone who desires immunity to the disease.

Why the Vaccine Is Recommended

Besides protecting the individual child, vaccination against HAV can help prevent epidemics from developing. Some infected kids do not have any symptoms, but can still spread the virus to others. Having many young kids vaccinated against HAV can limit the spread of the disease in a community.

Possible Risks

Side effects are usually mild fever, and tenderness, swelling, and redness at the site of the injection. Allergic reactions to the vaccine are rare.

When to Delay or Avoid Immunization

The vaccine is not recommended if your child:

• is currently sick, although simple colds or other minor illnesses should not prevent immunization
• had a severe allergic reaction to the first dose of hepatitis A vaccine or has a latex allergy

Caring for Your Child After Immunization

Your child may have fever, soreness, and some swelling and redness in the area where the shot was given. Pain and fever may be treated with acetaminophen or ibuprofen. Check with your doctor to see if you can give either medication and to find out the appropriate dose.

When to Call the Doctor

• Call if you aren't sure if the vaccine should be postponed or avoided.
• Call if there are problems after the immunization.

Reviewed by: Elana Pearl Ben-Joseph, MD
Date reviewed: October 2012